Instantiate entity attributes in __init__ rather than in the class definition

dungeonbattle/entities/items.py

@@ -9,11 +9,13 @@ class Item(Entity):
     A class for items
     """
     held: bool
-    held_by: Optional["Player"]
+    held_by: Optional[Player]
 
-    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    def __init__(self, held: bool = False, held_by: Optional[Player] = None,
+                 *args, **kwargs):
         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
-        self.held = False
+        self.held = held
+        self.held_by = held_by
 
     def drop(self, y: int, x: int) -> None:
         """
@@ -40,8 +42,11 @@ class Heart(Item):
     """
     A heart item to return health to the player
     """
-    name: str = "heart"
-    healing: int = 5
+    healing: int
+
+    def __init__(self, healing: int = 5, *args, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(name="heart", *args, **kwargs)
+        self.healing = healing
 
     def hold(self, player: "Player") -> None:
         """
@@ -53,15 +58,16 @@ class Heart(Item):
 
 class Bomb(Item):
     """
-    A bomb item intended to deal damage to ennemies at long range
+    A bomb item intended to deal damage to enemies at long range
     """
-    name: str = "bomb"
     damage: int = 5
     exploding: bool
 
-    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
-        self.exploding = False
+    def __init__(self, damage: int = 5, exploding: bool = False,
+                 *args, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(name="bomb", *args, **kwargs)
+        self.damage = damage
+        self.exploding = exploding
 
     def drop(self, x: int, y: int) -> None:
         super().drop(x, y)

dungeonbattle/entities/monsters.py

@@ -6,11 +6,23 @@ from ..interfaces import FightingEntity, Map
 
 class Monster(FightingEntity):
     """
-    The class for all monsters in the dungeon
+    The class for all monsters in the dungeon.
+    A monster must override this class, and the parameters are given
+    in the __init__ function.
+    An example of the specification of a monster that has a strength of 4
+    and 20 max HP:
+
+    class MyMonster(Monster):
+        def __init__(self, strength: int = 4, maxhealth: int = 20,
+                     *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+            super().__init__(name="my_monster", strength=strength,
+                             maxhealth=maxhealth, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    With that way, attributes can be overwritten when the entity got created.
     """
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        super().__init__()
-        
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
     def act(self, m: Map) -> None:
         """
         By default, a monster will move randomly where it is possible
@@ -44,41 +56,37 @@ class Beaver(Monster):
     """
     A beaver monster
     """
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        super().__init__()
-    name = "beaver"
-    maxhealth = 30
-    strength = 2
+    def __init__(self, strength: int = 2, maxhealth: int = 20,
+                 *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name="beaver", strength=strength,
+                         maxhealth=maxhealth, *args, **kwargs)
 
 
 class Hedgehog(Monster):
     """
     A really mean hedgehog monster
     """
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        super().__init__()
-    name = "hedgehog"
-    maxhealth = 10
-    strength = 3
+    def __init__(self, strength: int = 3, maxhealth: int = 10,
+                 *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name="hedgehog", strength=strength,
+                         maxhealth=maxhealth, *args, **kwargs)
 
 
 class Rabbit(Monster):
     """
     A rabbit monster
     """
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        super().__init__()
-    name = "rabbit"
-    maxhealth = 15
-    strength = 1
+    def __init__(self, strength: int = 1, maxhealth: int = 15,
+                 *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name="rabbit", strength=strength,
+                         maxhealth=maxhealth, *args, **kwargs)
 
 
 class TeddyBear(Monster):
     """
     A cute teddybear monster
     """
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        super().__init__()
-    name = "teddy_bear"
-    maxhealth = 50
-    strength = 0
+    def __init__(self, strength: int = 0, maxhealth: int = 50,
+                 *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name="teddy_bear", strength=strength,
+                         maxhealth=maxhealth, *args, **kwargs)

dungeonbattle/entities/player.py

@@ -8,22 +8,23 @@ class Player(FightingEntity):
     """
     The class of the player
     """
-    name = "player"
-    maxhealth: int = 20
-    strength: int = 5
-    intelligence: int = 1
-    charisma: int = 1
-    dexterity: int = 1
-    constitution: int = 1
-    level: int = 1
     current_xp: int = 0
     max_xp: int = 10
     inventory: list
     paths: Dict[Tuple[int, int], Tuple[int, int]]
 
-    def __init__(self):
-        super().__init__()
+    def __init__(self, maxhealth: int = 20, strength: int = 5,
+                 intelligence: int = 1, charisma: int = 1, dexterity: int = 1,
+                 constitution: int = 1, level: int = 1, current_xp: int = 0,
+                 max_xp: int = 10, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name="player", maxhealth=maxhealth, strength=strength,
+                         intelligence=intelligence, charisma=charisma,
+                         dexterity=dexterity, constitution=constitution,
+                         level=level, *args, **kwargs)
+        self.current_xp = current_xp
+        self.max_xp = max_xp
         self.inventory = list()
+        self.paths = dict()
 
     def move(self, y: int, x: int) -> None:
         """

dungeonbattle/interfaces.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 from enum import Enum, auto
 from math import sqrt
 from random import choice, randint
-from typing import List
+from typing import List, Optional
 
 from dungeonbattle.display.texturepack import TexturePack
 
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class Map:
         """
         self.width = d["width"]
         self.height = d["height"]
-        self.start_y = d["start_y"] 
+        self.start_y = d["start_y"]
         self.start_x = d["start_x"]
         self.currentx = d["currentx"]
         self.currenty = d["currenty"]
@@ -192,11 +192,15 @@ class Entity:
     y: int
     x: int
     name: str
-    map: Map 
+    map: Map
 
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.y = 0
-        self.x = 0
+    # noinspection PyShadowingBuiltins
+    def __init__(self, y: int = 0, x: int = 0, name: Optional[str] = None,
+                 map: Optional[Map] = None):
+        self.y = y
+        self.x = x
+        self.name = name
+        self.map = map
 
     def check_move(self, y: int, x: int, move_if_possible: bool = False)\
             -> bool:
@@ -318,16 +322,19 @@ class FightingEntity(Entity):
     constitution: int
     level: int
 
-    def __init__(self):
-        super().__init__()
-        self.health = self.maxhealth
-        self.health = 0
-        self.strength = 0
-        self.intelligence = 0
-        self.charisma = 0
-        self.dexterity = 0
-        self.constitution = 0
-        self.level = 1
+    def __init__(self, maxhealth: int = 0, health: Optional[int] = None,
+                 strength: int = 0, intelligence: int = 0, charisma: int = 0,
+                 dexterity: int = 0, constitution: int = 0, level: int = 0,
+                 *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.maxhealth = maxhealth
+        self.health = maxhealth if health is None else health
+        self.strength = strength
+        self.intelligence = intelligence
+        self.charisma = charisma
+        self.dexterity = dexterity
+        self.constitution = constitution
+        self.level = level
 
     @property
     def dead(self) -> bool: